Ionization of Water

Q: What is ionization and explain ionization of water?
Ans: Ionization is the process where atoms or molecules acquire positive and negative charge by accepting or losing electros to form ions. Ionization results from the loss of an electro after collision with other atoms. Due to ionization a neutral atom changes into the charge particle.
Ionization of water is described by equilibrium constant. When weak acids are dissolved in water they contribute H⁺ ions. Water molecules undergo reversible ionization to give a hydroxide ion.

                                               
Ionization of water can be measured by its electrical conductivity. Pure water carries electrical current H⁺ moves towards cathode and OH^- towards the anode. The above reversible ionization is crucial to the role of water in cellular functions. The equilibrium constant can be defined in terms of concentration of the reactants and products present at equilibrium:

                                                         
It defines the composition of the final equilibrium mixture of that reaction, irrespectively of the starting amount of reactant and product.

                                                       

In pure water at 25ºC, the concentration of water is 55.5 M (i.e. grams of H₂O in 1 liter divided by gram molecular weight or 1000/18 M = 55.5 M).

                                                       

After rearranging the equation
                                  (55.5 M) (Keq) = [H⁺] [OH^-] = K_w
where keq = 1.8×10^-16
                                         K_w = [H⁺] [OH^-] = [H⁺]²
solve for [H⁺]:                  [H⁺] =  =
                                         [H⁺] = [OH^-] = 10^-7 M.